Rheumatoid Arthritis: Methotrexate is commonly used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, helping to reduce pain, inflammation, and joint damage by suppressing the immune system's overactivity.
Psoriasis: It is also prescribed for moderate to severe psoriasis, where it helps slow down the rapid growth of skin cells and reduces scales and inflammation.
Certain Cancers: Methotrexate is used in the treatment of certain types of cancer, such as breast cancer, lung cancer, and leukemia, by interfering with the growth of cancer cells.
Crohn’s Disease: It is sometimes used in the management of Crohn’s disease, an inflammatory bowel condition, to reduce inflammation and induce remission
Immune System Suppression: Methotrexate suppresses the immune system, which helps reduce the inflammation and tissue damage associated with autoimmune conditions but can also make the body more susceptible to infections.
Cell Growth Inhibition: By inhibiting the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, Methotrexate interferes with DNA synthesis, which slows down the growth of rapidly dividing cells, including those in the immune system and certain cancers.
Liver Effects: Methotrexate can affect liver function, potentially leading to liver toxicity or damage, especially with long-term use or high doses.
Bone Marrow Suppression: The drug can suppress bone marrow activity, leading to decreased production of blood cells, which may result in anemia, increased risk of infections, or easy bruising and bleeding.
Take as Prescribed: Methotrexate is typically taken once weekly, not daily, to minimize the risk of side effects. Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions regarding dosage and schedule.
Swallow Whole: Take the tablet with a full glass of water, and do not crush or chew it. It can be taken with or without food, depending on tolerance.
Folic Acid Supplement: Your healthcare provider may prescribe folic acid to take alongside Methotrexate to help reduce certain side effects, such as mouth sores and liver toxicity.
Regular Monitoring: Methotrexate requires regular monitoring through blood tests to check for liver function, blood cell counts, and kidney function. Attend all scheduled medical appointments to monitor for side effects.
Pregnancy and Contraception: Methotrexate can cause severe birth defects and should not be used during pregnancy. Both men and women should use effective contraception during treatment and for some time afterward.
Infection Risk: Because Methotrexate suppresses the immune system, it can increase the risk of infections. Avoid contact with people who have infections and report any signs of infection, such as fever or sore throat, to your healthcare provider immediately.
